Full name: Ali ibn Abi Talib ibn Abdul Muttalib al-Hashimi
Kunya: Abul Hasan
Well-known name: Abu Turab
Tribe: Banu Hashim, Quraysh
Father: Abu Talib ibn Abdul Muttalib
Mother: Fatima bint Asad (RA)
Relation to the Prophet: Cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet (peace be upon him)
Wife: Fatima (RA), daughter of the Prophet (peace be upon him)
Children: Hasan and Hussain (RA), among other children
Martyrdom: 40 AH, in Kufa
Special distinctions
1. He was an exceptionally close companion of the Prophet (peace be upon him).
2. He held a position of special honor and played a distinguished role at Khaybar. (Sahih Muslim: 2405)
3. The name “Abu Turab” was given to him by the Prophet (peace be upon him) himself. (Sahih Bukhari: 3703)
4. He is counted among the Ahl al-Bayt, the Prophet’s household. (Sahih Muslim: 2404)
5. He is among the companions given the glad tidings of paradise. (Jami at-Tirmidhi: 3748)
6. He was one of the rightly-guided caliphs (Khulafa-e-Rashidun) and the fourth caliph of the Muslim ummah.
What the Prophet (peace be upon him) said about Ali (RA)
“Are you not pleased that you should be to me what Aaron was to Moses, except that there will be no prophet after me?” (Muslim: 2404)
The Ahl al-Sunnah position on Ali (RA)
Ali (RA) was a courageous fighter and a great companion renowned for his knowledge and wisdom.
We love and honor Ali (RA) deeply, and hold him to be the fourth of the rightly-guided caliphs. We accept what is established about his merits in authentic hadith, but we do not accept, absent authentic evidence, either exaggeration about him or the belief that he was designated as the Prophet’s successor after him.
Likewise, we do not condone the disparagement or vilification of any companion.
Principal sources: Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Jami at-Tirmidhi, and biographical works on the companions.
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