Belief in the occurrence of Judgment Day (Qiyamah) is one of the fundamental tenets of Islamic faith. Qiyamah is an eternal truth, through which worldly life will end and the life of the hereafter will begin.
Qiyamah has three stages. The first stage is an individual’s death. The second stage is the great cataclysm, through which all creation will be destroyed or dissolved. The third stage, following the second blowing of the trumpet, is the final resurrection and gathering — Hashr and Nashr.
On the Day of Judgment, Allah will destroy the entire creation and then bring it back to life, taking account of all human deeds. All people will be resurrected on that day and judged according to their actions.
The Quran and hadith do not specify an exact time for when Qiyamah will occur. Only Allah knows its precise timing. However, both minor and major signs of Qiyamah are mentioned in Islamic teachings — some of which have already appeared, while others are yet to come. The Quran states: “They ask you about the Hour, when it will occur. Say: Knowledge of it is only with my Lord.” (Surah Al-A’raf, verse 187)
Precise knowledge of Qiyamah rests with Allah alone. However, hadith state that Qiyamah will occur on a Friday — though which particular Friday, in which month or year, only Allah knows. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “The best of days is Friday. On this day Adam was created, on this day he was made to enter Paradise, and on this day he was expelled from it. And the Hour will not be established except on Friday.” (Sahih Muslim, Hadith 854)
Some, emphasizing the significance of Ashura in the month of Muharram, claim that Qiyamah will occur on that day. Islamic scholars say this claim — that Qiyamah will occur specifically on Ashura — has no basis. Nor is there any established connection between Muharram or Ashura and Prophet Yusuf’s (peace be upon him) release from prison, Prophet Yaqub’s (peace be upon him) restored eyesight, or Prophet Yunus’s (peace be upon him) deliverance from the whale.
The monthly Al-Kawsar, published from Dhaka and edited by Abul Hasan Muhammad Abdullah, wrote under a section titled “Common Misconceptions”: “The claim that Qiyamah will occur on the day of Ashura is not correct. The narration citing Ashura as the day of Qiyamah is, according to hadith scholars, baseless and fabricated.”
Mufti Lutfur Rahman Farayzee, director of the Talimul Islam Institute and Research Center in Dhaka, said: “That Qiyamah will occur on a Friday is established by authentic hadith. But the claim that it will occur specifically on the 10th of Muharram, or Ashura, is not established by authentic hadith.”
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